Content based instruction method

Ø  definition

Content-Based Instruction is an approach to language teaching that focuses not on the language itself, but rather on what is being taught through the language; that is, the language becomes the medium through which something new is learned.

Ø  History

Content-Based Instruction is a significant approach in language education (Brinton, Snow, & Wesche, 1989). CBI is designed to provide second-language learners instruction in content and language.

Historically, the word content has changed its meaning in language teaching. Content used to refer to the methods of grammar-translation, audio-lingual methodology and vocabulary or sound patterns in dialog form. Recently, content is interpreted as the use of subject matter as a vehicle for second or foreign language teaching/learning.

Ø  Advantage of content based instruction

a.      Learning language becomes automatic.

b.      CBI supports contextualized learning.

c.        Complex information is delivered through real life context for the students.

d.       information is reiterated by strategically delivering at right time.

e.       Greater flexibility in the curriculum can be deployed as the student interest.

Ø  Disadvantage of content instruction

a.      Some students feel confused improving their language skills.

b.      Particularly in monolingual classes.

c.       It can be hard to find information sources.

d.      Some students may copy directly from the source texts they use to get their information.

Ø  Activity CBL in the Class

Stoller (2002) lists eight practices that allow for natural content integration:

a.      Extended input, meaningful output, and feedback on language

b.      Information gathering, processing, and reporting

c.       Integrated skills

d.      Strategy training

e.      Visual support

f.        Contextualized grammar instruction

Ø  Motivating students

Keeping students motivated and interested are two important factors underlying content-based instruction. Motivation and interest are crucial in supporting student success with challenging, informative activities that support success and which help the student learn complex skills (Grabe & Stoller, 1997). When students are motivated and interested in the material they are learning, they make greater connections between topics, elaborations with learning material and can recall information better.

Ø  Conclusion

The integration of language & content teaching is perceived by the European Commission as "an excellent way of making progress in a foreign language". CBI effectively increases learners' English language proficiency & teaches them the skills necessary for the success in various professions. With CBI, learners gradually acquire greater control of the English language, enabling them to participate more fully in an increasingly complex academic & social environment.